Humanities 2112, Unit 4: Modern Civilizations
1830-1871 A.D.> Political
revolutions, including the American Civil War (1861-1865)
1871-1914 > Early Modernism
1914-1918 > World War I
1932-1939 > The Great Depression
1939-1945 > World War II
1945-1970 > The Era of the
Superpowers
1950-1953 > Korean War
1964-1972 > US involvement in Vietnam War
Between 1830 and 1871, a number
of political revolutions spawned new political philosophies, including
liberalism, nationalism, and socialism. Industrialism spread, ushering
in modernism. Philosophy and psychology became leading schools of study
in the social sciences, with Nietzsche, Freud, and Jung making major
contributions to modern thought. In literature, realism and naturalism
became a leading genre for fiction, particularly in French, English,
and Russian novels. In architecture, the skyscraper became an exciting
new form, and in art, realism transmogrified into a number of -isms,
among them symbolism, impressionism, post-impressionism, cubism, and
expressionism. The industrial revolution gave way to the technological
revolution.